Summary:
La Commission européenne a publié de nouvelles lignes directrices sur les pratiques d’intelligence artificielle interdites dans le cadre de la Loi IA, en vigueur depuis le 2 février 2025. Ce document de 135 pages vise à informer les entreprises sur les pratiques inacceptables en raison de leurs risques pour les droits fondamentaux. Parmi celles-ci figurent la manipulation nocive, l’exploitation des vulnérabilités, et l’identification biométrique à distance. Bien que non contraignantes, ces directives aident à l’interprétation de la Loi IA.
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# EU Commission Publishes Guidelines on the Prohibited AI Practices under the AI Act
While the authorities’ publications on AI have recently tended to be in the area of data protection, the European Commission has recently published its first set of draft guidelines on the practical impact of the AI Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689).
## Background
On 2 February 2025, the general provisions (Articles 1 to 4 of the AI Act), as well as the rules on prohibited artificial intelligence (AI) practices (Article 5 of the AI Act), went into effect. Among the general provisions, the requirements for AI literacy (Article 4 AI Act) also came into effect.
The European Commission is required to issue guidelines for the Act’s implementation. The Commission began fulfilling this obligation by publishing its first two guidelines:
– Guidelines on prohibited AI practices
– Guidelines on the definition of an AI system under the AI Act
Although non-binding, these guidelines provide legal explanations and practical examples to help stakeholders understand and comply with the AI Act.
## Guidelines on Prohibited AI Practices
The European Commission has published a comprehensive 135-page document outlining AI practices that are considered unacceptable due to their risks to fundamental rights and values. Its goal is to provide companies with insights into how the Commission interprets and defines prohibited AI practices. It focuses on the following areas:
Simply put, only the practices explicitly listed in Article 5(1) of the AI Act are prohibited. These include harmful manipulation and deception, harmful exploitation of vulnerabilities, social scoring, individual criminal offence risk assessment and prediction, untargeted scraping to develop facial recognition databases, emotion recognition, biometric categorization, and remote biometric identification.
The AI Act delineates the responsibilities of providers and deployers and encourages companies to assess their AI applications on a case-by-case basis to ensure compliance.
The Commission’s interpretative aids assist evaluation, but since the guidelines are non-binding, authoritative interpretations of the AI Act’s provisions are reserved for the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU).