Summary:
En octobre 2024, l’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies a établi le Dialogue mondial sur la gouvernance de l’IA et le Panel scientifique international indépendant sur l’IA. L’objectif est de garantir que la gouvernance de l’IA reste une priorité en favorisant les discussions internationales et en promouvant des pratiques en matière d’IA sécurisées, dignes de confiance et conformes à la législation. Les éléments clés incluent des forums annuels, l’interopérabilité de la gouvernance, la supervision humaine, le développement open-source et les conseils scientifiques du panel de 40 membres, qui publiera également une étude phare annuelle. Les développements futurs comprennent le Sommet sur l’action de l’IA, prévu en France en 2025, poursuivant l’accent international sur l’éthique et la sécurité de l’IA.
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The United Nations (UN) has taken a historic step in the realm of artificial intelligence (AI) by establishing the Global Dialogue on AI Governance and forming the Independent International Scientific Panel on AI. This initiative solidifies the UN’s role as a global leader in overseeing the ethical and accountable use of AI technologies on an international scale.
The Global Dialogue on AI Governance is envisioned as an annual forum lasting two days, where world leaders, policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders will convene to discuss pressing issues, including the development of safe, secure, and trustworthy AI systems. One of its primary goals is to promote interoperability and compatibility among different AI governance frameworks across nations, providing a harmonized approach to regulation. Additionally, the forum will address the crucial need for human oversight over AI applications, ensuring compliance with international laws such as fundamental human rights principles and privacy laws, such as the GDPR in Europe. Moreover, it seeks to promote transparency and inclusivity through the development and implementation of open-source software, open data, and open AI models.
To support the Global Dialogue, the UN has created the Independent International Scientific Panel on AI, comprising 40 leading experts from diverse regions of the world. This panel will provide rigorous, evidence-based assessments of the opportunities and risks associated with AI technologies. An annual flagship study produced by this panel will play a crucial advisory role, guiding global policy discussions and shaping the initiatives undertaken by the Global Dialogue.
The establishment of these platforms follows a consistent UN commitment to addressing AI ethics and governance. In 2021, the UNESCO AI Ethics Recommendation was adopted by 193 countries, outlining key principles such as transparency, fairness, and accountability in AI design and implementation. This was followed by the launch of the UN AI Advisory Body in 2023 and the passage of the UN General Assembly AI Resolution in 2024. Regional organizations such as the OECD, G7, and the Council of Europe have also made strides in developing AI safety and regulatory frameworks, indicating an increasing recognition of the need for international cooperation. Recent summits, including those hosted by the UK, South Korea, and an upcoming AI Action Summit in France, reflect high levels of governmental interest in navigating these challenges.
Ethically, the Global Dialogue underscores the importance of anchoring AI development in human-centered values. For instance, proactive measures needed to address algorithmic biases, maintain privacy, and ensure accountability can help prevent unethical AI uses, such as discriminatory hiring practices or invasive surveillance systems.
From an industry perspective, this initiative signals an impending shift toward more standardized and perhaps stringent regulatory environments. Companies like OpenAI, Google DeepMind, and others must prepare for increased scrutiny over algorithmic transparency and safety. However, these measures could foster greater consumer trust and global market opportunities, provided organizations meet the heightened standards.
By establishing the Global Dialogue on AI Governance, the UN ensures that world leaders and international organizations have a dedicated platform to address the seismic shifts brought about by AI. This initiative complements ongoing regional and national-level efforts while prioritizing the ethical and secure development of transformative AI technologies for global benefit.