Summary:
Le 24 octobre, Anthropic et Google ont officiellement annoncé un partenariat cloud accordant à Anthropic l’accès jusqu’à un million d’unités de traitement Tensor personnalisées (TPU) de Google. L’objectif de ce partenariat est de soutenir la croissance de l’infrastructure IA d’Anthropic et de faire progresser ses capacités d’IA pour les entreprises tout en optimisant l’efficacité et le coût calculatoires. Les points clés incluent un accord sur plusieurs années d’une valeur de plusieurs milliards de dollars, l’architecture multi-cloud d’Anthropic tirant parti des matériels de Google, Amazon et Nvidia, des jalons de revenus tels qu’un taux de fonctionnement annuel de 7 milliards de dollars et la croissance rapide de Claude Code, ainsi que des investissements en capitaux importants de Google et Amazon dans Anthropic ; l’entreprise maintient une neutralité d’acheteur sans exclusivité envers les fournisseurs de cloud. L’accord prévoit d’amener plus d’un gigawatt de capacité de calcul IA en ligne en 2026.
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The announcement of a cloud partnership between Anthropic, an emerging artificial intelligence (AI) company, and Google marks a significant milestone in computational infrastructure for AI development. The agreement, estimated at tens of billions of dollars, grants Anthropic access to one million of Google’s custom-built Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). These TPUs will contribute an unprecedented capacity of over one gigawatt in AI computing by 2026, aiming to bolster Anthropic’s ability to push the boundaries of AI innovation and application.
Legally, agreements of this scale are influenced by technology industry regulations and antitrust enforcement, which are designed to ensure fair competition under acts like the Sherman Antitrust Act in the United States. Partnerships granting exclusive access to cutting-edge technology can raise questions about market power concentration, particularly when AI development requires such significant compute infrastructure. However, Anthropic’s strategy to employ a multi-cloud infrastructure addresses some potential antitrust concerns. By spreading workloads over platforms powered by Google TPUs, Amazon’s Trainium chips, and Nvidia GPUs, Anthropic avoids being reliant on a single vendor, preserving its autonomy and broadly distributing its computational needs.
From an ethical standpoint, this collaboration highlights the growing significance of compute resources in AI development, which directly influences the accessibility of advanced AI systems. Given that AI innovations increasingly dictate economic and societal shifts, ensuring equitable access to such infrastructure is vital. Exclusivity arrangements raise ethical questions about the concentration of power among a few entities and could exacerbate existing disparities between smaller organizations with limited technical resources and large tech giants.
Industry implications of this partnership extend beyond Anthropic and Google to the broader AI and cloud computing sectors. Rivals like OpenAI, which are planning their own large-scale infrastructures, may engage in less diversified approaches, such as their anticipated 33-gigawatt “Stargate.” Anthropic’s partnership is a notable counter-strategy with a focus on efficiency and adaptable enterprise computing. The company’s multi-cloud approach to infrastructure, such as assignments of tasks like training and inference across specific platforms, exemplifies how competitive advantages can be achieved without reliance on a single corporate partner.
A concrete example of the impact of this strategy is Anthropic’s Claude Code, its agentic coding assistant tool. With $500 million in annualized revenue within two months of its launch, it has quickly become one of the fastest-growing products in recent technology history. This reflects the massive demand for cutting-edge AI tools in business applications, as well as the potential for scalability when paired with robust computational power.
The partnership also reveals the competitive dynamics among cloud providers. While Google’s $3 billion equity investment in Anthropic and recent $1 billion funding boost signify a major commitment, Amazon continues to operate as Anthropic’s main cloud provider—thanks in part to its Project Rainier supercomputer, powered by Trainium 2 chips. AWS’s custom infrastructure has already enabled substantial savings and growth, with Anthropic expected to contribute five percentage points to AWS’s revenue growth by the second half of 2025.
Ultimately, Anthropic’s decision to leverage a diversified, multi-cloud strategy appears pivotal in ensuring resilience against outages, as evidenced in a critical moment during an AWS outage earlier this week. By maintaining neutrality across cloud providers and retaining control over model weights, pricing, and client data, Anthropic is positioning itself as a scalable enterprise partner while mitigating operational risks. As hyperscaler competition intensifies, decisions like these will likely set standards for next-generation AI companies seeking efficiency and flexibility in a rapidly evolving industry.