Summary:
Le 15 septembre 2025, le Vietnam a annoncé des plans pour mettre à jour sa Stratégie Nationale en IA de 2021 et émettre une Loi sur l’IA d’ici la fin de l’année. L’objectif est d’établir un cadre juridique complet pour améliorer le développement de l’IA et la compétitivité nationale. Les initiatives clés comprennent la création d’un centre national de supercalcul pour l’IA, d’une plateforme de données ouvertes sur l’IA partagée, la promotion des applications de l’IA dans divers secteurs, et l’élaboration d’un Code de l’Éthique de l’IA national. Les actions futures impliquent la finalisation de cette législation d’ici le 31 décembre 2025 et l’attribution de ressources nationales significatives pour mettre en œuvre ces stratégies.
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Vietnam is making a significant leap forward in establishing a comprehensive framework for artificial intelligence (AI) governance and innovation. Minister of Science and Technology Nguyen Manh Hung recently announced that the country will update its 2021 National AI Strategy and introduce an AI law by the end of the year. The primary goal is to position AI as a pivotal component of Vietnam’s intellectual infrastructure, driving sustainable development and national competitiveness.
From a legal perspective, the proposed AI law marks Vietnam’s entry into an exclusive group of nations adopting formal regulatory frameworks for overseeing AI development and applications. Comparable legal efforts can be observed in the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act, which emphasizes risk-based regulation and human rights protection. In line with these global trends, Vietnam’s AI regulatory framework will include provisions for transparency, accountability, and digital sovereignty. Such principles are consistent with global best practices, as recommended by bodies such as UNESCO, which advocates for ethical AI deployment.
Minister Hung emphasized the ethical dimensions of AI, indicating that a National AI Ethics Code will align with international standards while incorporating Vietnam-specific values. Ethical issues in AI encompass concerns over bias, misuse, and the potential for harm. For instance, without proper safeguards, AI applications in facial recognition could exacerbate privacy concerns or discrimination. By localizing ethical standards, Vietnam aims to strike a balance between technological ambition and the ethical considerations shaped by its cultural landscape.
The strategic rollout also has profound implications for industries, businesses, and the nation’s economy. The government plans to establish a national AI supercomputing center and an open AI data platform, significantly bolstering the technological backbone required for AI applications. This infrastructure is expected to catalyze growth in key sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and manufacturing. Moreover, the allocation of at least 40% of the National Technology Innovation Fund to AI adoption, including voucher schemes for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), underscores the country’s commitment to democratizing AI benefits. For example, an SME might be able to integrate Vietnamese-developed AI tools for streamlining logistics or customer engagement without prohibitive upfront costs.
Vietnam’s “Make in Viet Nam” initiative demonstrates a strong emphasis on technological independence. By adopting open-source and open-standard technologies, the country not only reduces reliance on foreign AI systems but also fosters innovation among local developers. In practice, this could mean creating language-processing tools tailored to Vietnam’s linguistic nuances or using AI for localized agricultural solutions, such as crop disease detection based on regional conditions.
Another transformative aspect of Vietnam’s AI strategy is the commitment to universal AI literacy. Similar to the widespread focus on English education in earlier decades, the government envisions a future where AI fluency is as common as digital literacy today. The plan anticipates every citizen having access to a digital assistant, effectively amplifying social intelligence without relying on population growth. For instance, students might use AI tutors to improve academic performance, or farmers could leverage AI-driven market analysis tools for better financial outcomes.
Finally, the strategy’s multi-faceted approach is built on four foundational pillars: legal institutions, infrastructure, human resources, and culture. Transparent governance will ensure trust in AI systems, while high-quality technical infrastructure supports robust development and application. Investments in training a skilled workforce and fostering a humanistic AI culture will ensure the technology serves societal well-being rather than exacerbating inequalities or risks. In conclusion, Vietnam’s AI strategy represents a comprehensive vision that not only aims to harness AI’s potential for economic growth but also seeks to address its ethical, social, and technological challenges head-on, placing people at the center of this digital transformation.